Language codes
All data objects in the MDR (and several entities in source data and other ECRIN databases) include an indication of their language, usually by a code. The MDR system uses the 2 character ISO 369-1 codes, as used on the web. An initial set of such codes, a subset of the full 369-1 listing, was added when the schema was first created in 2016. The codes were obtained from a 369-1 listing on the web and this is how their source is designated in the table below.
Some source systems, however, use the larger set of three letter codes represented by ISO 369-2 (adapted as MARC – ‘MAchine-Readable Cataloging’ – codes by the US Library of Congress and used by the National Library of Medicine). The MARC codes are therefore also included in the table, though only for the languages already selected in the ISO 369-1 set, plus a relatively small set of additional 369-2 languages used within specific source data. At the moment, this second group is derived only from a small set of additional PubMed language codes. In addition, the accumulation of organisational data in ECRIN led to the introduction of Latin as an additional language (a few universities use a Latin name).
The table below lists the languages, their codes and their source currently in the system.
| 369-1 | 369-2 | Language | source |
|---|---|---|---|
| af | afr | Afrikaans | web |
| am | amh | Amharic | PubMed |
| ar | ara | Arabic | web |
| az | aze | Azerbaijani | web |
| be | bel | Belarusian | web |
| bg | bul | Bulgarian | web |
| bn | ben | Bengali | web |
| bo | tib | Tibetan | web |
| br | bre | Breton | web |
| bs | bos | Bosnian | web |
| ca | cat | Catalan | web |
| ce | che | Chechen | web |
| co | cos | Corsican | web |
| cs | cze | Czech | web |
| cy | wel | Welsh | web |
| da | dan | Danish | web |
| de | ger | German | web |
| el | gre | Greek | web |
| en | eng | English | web |
| eo | epo | Esperanto | PubMed |
| es | spa | Spanish | web |
| et | est | Estonian | web |
| eu | baq | Basque | web |
| fa | per | Persian | web |
| fi | fin | Finnish | web |
| fr | fre | French | web |
| ga | gle | Irish Gaelic | web |
| gd | gla | Scottish Gaelic | web |
| gl | glg | Galician | web |
| gu | guj | Gujarati | web |
| ha | hau | Hausa | web |
| he | heb | Hebrew | web |
| hi | hin | Hindi | web |
| hr | hrv | Croatian | web |
| hu | hun | Hungarian | web |
| hy | arm | Armenian | web |
| id | ind | Indonesian | web |
| is | ice | Icelandic | web |
| it | ita | Italian | web |
| iu | iku | Inuktitut | web |
| ja | jpn | Japanese | web |
| jv | jav | Javanese | web |
| ka | geo | Georgian | web |
| kk | kaz | Kazakh | web |
| kl | kal | Greenlandic, Kalaallisut | web |
| km | khm | Central Khmer | web |
| ko | kor | Korean | web |
| ks | kas | Kashmiri | web |
| ku | kur | Kurdish | web |
| la | lat | Latin | ECRIN |
| lb | ltz | Luxembourgish | web |
| lo | lao | Lao | web |
| lt | lit | Lithuanian | web |
| lv | lav | Latvian | web |
| mi | mao | Maori | web |
| mk | mac | Macedonian | web |
| ml | mal | Malayalam | PubMed |
| mn | mon | Mongolian | web |
| ms | may | Malay | web |
| mt | mlt | Maltese | web |
| mu* | mul | Multiple languages | PubMed |
| my | bur | Burmese | web |
| ne | nep | Nepali | web |
| nl | dut | Dutch | web |
| no | nor | Norwegian | web |
| os | oss | Ossetian | web |
| pa | pan | Punjabi | web |
| pl | pol | Polish | web |
| ps | pus | Pashto | PubMed |
| pt | por | Portuguese | web |
| qu | que | Quechua | web |
| rm | roh | Romansh | web |
| ro | rum | Romanian, Moldavian | web |
| ru | rus | Russian | web |
| rw | kin | Kinyarwanda | PubMed |
| se | sme | Northern Sami | web |
| si | sin | Sinhalese | web |
| sk | slo | Slovak | web |
| sl | slv | Slovenian | web |
| sm | smo | Samoan | web |
| sn | sna | Shona | web |
| so | som | Somali | web |
| sq | alb | Albanian | web |
| sr | srp | Serbian | web |
| sv | swe | Swedish | web |
| sw | swa | Swahili | web |
| ta | tam | Tamil | web |
| te | tel | Telugu | web |
| tg | tgk | Tajik | web |
| th | tha | Thai | web |
| tk | tuk | Turkmen | web |
| to | ton | Tongan | web |
| tr | tur | Turkish | web |
| tt | tat | Tatar | web |
| ty | tah | Tahitian | web |
| uk | ukr | Ukrainian | web |
| un* | und | Undetermined | PubMed |
| ur | urd | Urdu | web |
| uz | uzb | Uzbek | web |
| vi | vie | Vietnamese | web |
| xh | xho | Xhosa | web |
| yo | yor | Yoruba | web |
| zh | chi | Chinese | web |
| zu | zul | Zulu | web |
*Not an official ISO 369-1 code (an ISO two letter code does not exist)
